Features of the formation of short-term memory and its reproduction in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities and their neurotypical peers

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N.A. Tsukhlov
Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism (Kazan).
Email: luminositeq@mail.ru
L.A. Parfenova
Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism (Kazan).
A.R. Akhmetzyanova
Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism (Kazan).
A.M. Sultanbaeva
Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism (Kazan).

Abstract

Objective of the study is to identify the features of the formation and reproduction of short-term auditory and visual memory in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Methods and structure of the study. The participants of the testing were 99 children and adolescents aged 7 to 22, divided into four groups: neurotypical (n=11), with intellectual disabilities (n=61), with ASD (n=13) and Down syndrome (n=14). A modified version of A.R. Luria's "Memorisation of 10 words" methodology was applied, with the inclusion of a visual memory test between the second and third presentation. Results and conclusions. The results substantiate the necessity of differentiated methodological approaches in APC: in ID – minimisation of the load on executive functions (reduction of the instruction volume, placement of key information at the beginning and end, exclusion of parallel tasks); in DS – repetition at short intervals, mandatory pauses and reduction of the material volume; in ASD – high quality of the first presentation and predictability of repetitions.

Keywords

short-term memory, intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, adaptive physical culture, executive functions, memorisation

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No. 7, pp. 35–37

Received: 15.05.2026 | Published: 26.06.2026

CC BY 4.0