MRNA expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines during tissue regeneration of skeletal muscles

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PhD V.F. Noskova1
PhD E.A. Dekunets2
1St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Physical Culture, St. Petersburg
2Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports, Moscow

Objective of the study was to determine the sequence of events and complex intercellular interactions involved in the complex biological process of skeletal muscle regeneration in mice.
Methods and structure of the study. Sampled for the experiment were the mice inbred line C57BL/6. C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: Control Group with the skeletal muscle damage (Group S) and Experimental Group with the muscle damage and macrophage depletion (Group T). The trauma was inflicted by dropping a ball with a diameter of 15.9 mm and a weight of 16.3 g into a 100 cm pipe to hit the hind leg (calf muscle) of the animal. For depletion of macrophages, the mice were intra-abdominally injected with 2 mg clodronate-containing liposomes 3 days before the injury, followed by 0.5 mg on the 0th, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th days after the injury. Hematoxylin and eosin stainings were used for morphological analysis. The fibrous tissue was studied using Masson's trichrome staining.
Results of the study and conclusions. The macrophage depletion disrupts the microenvironment, which causes changes in the regulatory influence of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cells. This, in turn, disrupts the balance between Th1 and Th2 immune responses resulting in an impaired immune response, slower regeneration, and incomplete recovery of muscle tissues.

Keywords: skeletal muscle regeneration, growth factors, cytokines, macrophages.

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