Yu.A. Karvunis
L.V. Kapilevich, professor, Dr.Med.
National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk

Keywords: tourism, recreation, Tomsk region.

Introduction. In the modern dynamic world tourism ceases to be just a socio-economic phenomenon - new functions demanded by society are added in its content. Types of tourism that can satisfy the human need for recreation are getting more important for the population. Active types of tourism, including sports tourism and more mass sports and recreational movement - recreational tourism, can be the most affordable and effective forms of recreation for young people. In active tourism young people can realize such needs as change of scene and activities, self-knowledge, self-fulfillment and communication needs [1, 2].

Tourism and recreation resources of the Tomsk region. The Tomsk region is one of the subjects of the Russian Federation, a part of the Siberian federal district. The considerable part of the region is good for sports and tourist activities. Owing to the geographical diversity of the region extreme adventure tourism and swamp-taiga tourism are the most perspective directions of active leisure.

Tomsk region is a part of Ob-Altai federal tourist area. Some of the urban and suburban areas of Tomsk (the right bank of the Tom river) were declared special protected natural area for recreational purposes “Beregovoy sklon” [4, 5]. There are a lot of places of mass tourism in the city including: the “Dyujmovochka” rock, the slopes “Tolstiy mys” (an imitation of a mountain pass), the slopes of ancient Basandaykoe settlement and the surrounding fields (the mouth of the river). The places used for water tourism and various competitions are “Bolshaya petlya” at the Kyrgyzka river and “Malaya petlya” in the mouth of the Basandayka river.

15 routes across the region were developed in the Tomsk tourist club. The most popular route is Talovskie chashi (Talovsky bowls), having more than 7 thousand visitors a year. The following one-day routes are also popular among pupils: “To Zavarino country house”, “To the largest anthill”; “To the Blue Cliff”, the routes along the Tom river with a tour to the terraces of the ancient settlements Shelomok and Basandaykoe (archaeological sites) [3].

The Ob-Yenisei Canal can be considered the ground of extreme swamp-taiga tourism, the “Mecca” for Russian extreme sports fans. The Ob-Tomsk interfluve should also be noted because that is where the “Everest of Ob-Tomsk interfluves” is situated and where such youth projects as “Survivor. The Tomsk Version” and Extreme Hike Show take place. Water tourism is gaining its popularity among young people, as evidenced by the opening of kayaking school and other specialized clubs in Tomsk. Water tourism is being developed through the emergence of new routes, for example, on a lake system with the selkup name Pol-To located in taiga in the basin of the Tym river, the route on the Ob-Yenisei Canal. Tomsk regional rafting association holds water tourist competitions on the rivers of Tomsk region and neighboring republics and regions, for example, on the rivers Ushaika and Chuya in the Altai Territory and on the Kyrgyzka river [6].

The organizational structure of active tourism in the Tomsk region. The regional non-governmental organization “Tomskaya federatsiya sportivnogo turizma” (Tomsk federation of sport tourism), established in 1978, is a member of the Tourist Sports Union of Russia. The main goal of the organization is the development of amateur sports and tourism. The Tomsk region regularly hosts the competitions in sport tourism and other tourist events. Numerous hiking clubs unite tourism amateurs and athletes.

At the moment, 8 student clubs opened annual admission and training teams for search and rescue operations and marathons (as an example, the autumn tourist marathon conducted in 2013 by the tourist sports club “Amazonki” together with the Tomsk federation of sports tourism). Those clubs are: “Alpclub TGU”, “Amazonki”, “Arba”, “Ariadna”, “Spektr”, “Takt”, “Al’tus”, “Berendei” and “Vertikal’”. In addition to student clubs in Tomsk, there exist some organizations and associations where visitors of all ages are being trained for tourist events, expeditions, search and rescue operations [5].

In 2013, the Department of General Education of the Tomsk region and the regional centre of additional education for children (“Oblastnoy tsentr dopolnitel’nogo obrazovaniya detey”) monitored the recreational and tourist activity in the institutions of additional education of the Tomsk region. The monitoring results are presented in Table 1.

Today, there are 145 tourist clubs and associations in the Tomsk region, most of them (86) are in Tomsk and only 34 - in rural areas (23.5%). Tourist clubs operate in 18 of 65 educational institutions of Tomsk (27.6%). More than a half of tourist trips participants live in Tomsk and the share of regional center citizens among the participants of qualifying trips is 87.7%.

24 tourism meetings and competitions were held in the region during the last year, which involved more than 2200 schoolchildren. 19 teams participated in national competitions. 181 people hit the qualifying categories in different types of tourism. However, Table 1 shows that significant achievements - the organization of qualifying trips, the participation in national competitions, the qualifications involving club members - were accomplished in urban tourist associations and clubs. It is obvious that tourism is not developing in rural areas: club members make only one-day trips (with the exception of the Tomsk region).

These figures indicate that there are expressed positive trends in the development of active tourism among Tomsk young people. According to the literature, in the 1980s more than 33% of pupils were involved in tourist clubs and associations, that is, at the moment the Tomsk region has already reached the level of 1980. The decline in the development of sports and recreational tourism, which peaked in 1998, is over and subject to competent policy the support of active tourism it will occupy a significant place among sports and recreation activities for young people in our region.

Conclusion. The fact that Tomsk is a student city, with a large number of young active people in it, can be assumed the basic factor in the development of sports and recreational tourism in the Tomsk region. This contingent is the best for the formation of the concept of development of sport routes. But with a rather substantial potential for development, currently active forms of tourism are not popular in the Tomsk region, including among young people. There are several obstacles to positive changes. The first is the lack of awareness of potential tourists on existing routes and active leisure activities. Sports tourism is mostly promoted by small, non-governmental organizations and clubs affected by the lack of qualified instructors, effective advertising and promotion of tourism as it is in educational institutions, the lack of image of the Tomsk region as a favorable tourist region.

The work was done as a part of the research “Applied humanities: the actualization of practice-oriented approaches in the study of culture” (code 2111).

References

1. Active forms of tourism [electronic resource]: - Available at: http:// www.rusadventures.ru /-2013. (In Russian)
2. Kapilevich, L.V. The state and prospects of development of tourism in the Tomsk region // Vestnik natsional'noy akademii turizma. - 2010, №4 (16), P. 59-61. (In Russian)
3. Specially protected areas of the Tomsk region: teaching guide / A.M. Adam, T.V. Revushkina, O.G. Nekhoroshev et al. - Tomsk: Publ. h-se of STL, 2001. – 239 P. (In Russian)
4. Official information portal of the Tomsk Oblast Administration [electronic resource]: - Available at: http://tomsk.gov.ru/-2013.
5. Tomsk region: Guide / comp. by A. Yudin; ed. by K. Pavlov. – Мoscow: Avangard, 2001. – P. 219. (In Russian)
6. Tomsk tourist club [electronic resource]: – Available at: http://tourism.trecom.tomsk.ru/db/web.page?pid=3621 (In Russian)

Corresponding author: kapil@yandex.ru