Assessment of the adaptive potential of female basketball players based on the determination of the functional state of the cardiovascular system

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Pyanzina N.N.
Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary

Petrova T.N.
Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary

Kolesnikova O.B.
Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary

Keywords: cardiovascular system, adaptive potential, basketball players

Introduction

Assessing the adaptive potential (AP) of female basketball players through analysis of the functional state of the cardiovascular system (CVS) represents a scientifically and practically significant task. Addressing this issue is crucial for optimizing training processes and enhancing athletic performance.

Methodology and research organization

A comprehensive evaluation of the functional state of the cardiovascular system was conducted among 15 highly qualified female athletes from the “ChGU-Atlantis” basketball club (Cheboksary, Russia). The participants’ mean age was 20.2 years, body mass 61 kg, and height 170.1 cm. The training program included cross-country running, jumping on sand and uphill terrain, and strength exercises using body weight and external loads.

Adaptive potential was assessed at the beginning and end of the preparatory period training camp to evaluate the organism’s capacity for adaptation and the effectiveness of the training program aimed at improving overall work capacity and physical preparedness.
 
Key indicators of CVS function were used to assess AP: heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, along with anthropometric data. These parameters serve as integrative indicators of the body’s adaptive capabilities, enabling identification of individual patterns of adaptation to varying activity conditions and physical loads [1]. Adaptive potential was calculated using the methodology proposed by R.M. Baevsky, ensuring high accuracy and reliability of results.
 
Results and discussion

At the start of the training camp, 11 athletes demonstrated satisfactory adaptation (AP < 2.59), while 4 exhibited signs of strain in their adaptive mechanisms (AP > 2.60). Following completion of the training camp, all athletes showed significant improvement in adaptive potential, with AP values ranging from 1.52 to 2.36. This indicates a high level of functional readiness for competitive demands and confirms the athletes’ capacity to achieve top-level sporting results.

Conclusion

Targeted training during the preparatory period effectively enhances overall work capacity and induces a sustained adaptive response. This physiological adaptation directly contributes to improved sports performance and constitutes a key determinant of success in competitive basketball.

References
  1. P’yanzin, A.I. (2016) Teoriya funktsional’nykh sistem v sportivnoi podgotovke: uchebnoe posobie [Theory of functional systems in sports training: textbook]. Cheboksary: Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I.Ya. Yakovlev, 82 p.