Zarembo-Ratsevich R.A.
The Russian University of Sport «GTSOLIFK», Moscow

Keywords: psychological reliability, rhythmic gymnastics, psychological training.

Introduction. Rhythmic gymnastics places high demands on the psychophysiological resources of athletes. The success of performance under competitive stress depends directly on the level of psychological reliability (PR) – the ability to maintain the stability of actions in unusual, stressful situations [1]. The development of comprehensive programs for the development of PR for rhythmic gymnasts remains an urgent task.
The purpose of this study is to develop and justify a comprehensive training program for improving the performance of artistic gymnasts by developing the mental components specific to this sport.
Research results and their discussion. The program is designed for 8 weeks (16 sessions, 2 times a week) and is structured in three consecutive stages. The diagnostic stage (1-2 sessions) serves as the basis for the work. At this stage, a comprehensive assessment of the initial level of PN components is carried out. Validated and adapted methods are used for this purpose: the Spielberger-Khanin Scale of Situational and Personal Anxiety, the Dembo-Rubinstein Test, and the A. Mehrabian, Holmes and Rahe's Stress Tolerance Test, Bourdon's Corrective Test, and Seligman's Adapted Optimism Questionnaire. The main stage (6 weeks, 12 sessions) is an intensive developmental block aimed at the practical formation of PN. Work with emotional and stress resistance includes the development of diaphragmatic breathing and cognitive reframing techniques for rethinking negative thoughts [2]. Attention concentration is trained through mindfulness (mindfulness) practices, visualization of successful completion of elements, work in conditions of artificial interference and the use of cognitive simulators of the Vikium platform. The development of self-confidence is realized through affirmations, keeping a diary of achievements, art-therapeutic technique of neurographics and the method of "Letter to yourself". The formation of motivation and determination takes place through setting smart goals, visualization of goals (creation of a "goal board") and analysis of deep reasons by the "Five Whys" method.Adaptability and self-control are developed by solving non-standard problems, using "Stop-techniques" to control negative thoughts, and using cognitive training exercises. Resilience to failure and positive thinking are developed through constructive analysis of mistakes and keeping a diary. The final stage (1-2 sessions) is dedicated to assessing the dynamics and consolidating the results. It includes a repeated diagnosis using the original methods to objectively assess the changes, reflecting on the participants' personal achievements and difficulties, and developing individual strategies for maintaining psychological reliability.
Conclusions. The program offers a scientifically based approach to the development of artistic gymnasts. Its advantages are: stage-by-stage (diagnosis-development-assessment), practical orientation and comprehensive impact. The program is ready for testing and will be used in the dissertation research.

References

1. Khаnin, Y.L. (1980) Psikhologiya obshcheniya v sporte [Psychology of communication in sports]. Moscow: Fizkultura i sport.
2. Beck, A.T. (1976) Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.