Dr. Hab., Professor G.V. Rudenko¹
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor A.M. Simakov¹
D.A. Vasiliev¹
Dr. Hab., Professor M.G. Tkachuk^2
1Saint-Petersburg Mining University of Empress Catherine II, St. Petersburg
²Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health, St. Petersburg

Objective of the study was to identify a set of morphofunctional indicators that determine the rapid trainability of taekwondo athletes.
Methods and structure of the study. 40 athletes specializing in taekwondo, aged 18-25 years, of medium weight categories, with sports qualifications Candidate Master of Sports (СMS)- Master of Sports (MS), were examined. A survey of athletes was conducted (in the form of a questionnaire). The morphological examination included anthropometric measurements, determination of the component composition of body weight and somatotype. The external respiration system was studied by spirometry, the strength of the muscles of the flexors of the hand and fingers of the leading hand – by dynamometry, and physical development - by the index method.
Results and conclusions. As a result of the analysis of questionnaires, as well as competition protocols, individual deadlines for taekwondoists to perform a certain level of sports qualification were established, which made it possible to divide them into two groups: fast-training and slow-training athletes. When comparing the morphofunctional parameters of taekwondo athletes with different levels of training, significant differences were found in the length of the lower limb, thigh and lower leg; in circumference dimensions of the chest; in the circumferences of the forearm and lower leg; in the thickness of the skin-fat folds under the shoulder blade, on the shoulder, forearm and lower leg; in the content of muscle and fat tissue; in mesomorphy; in the values of vital capacity, hand dynamometry, vital and strength indices. As a result of the study, the features of individual trainability of taekwondo players were established and a set of morphofunctional indicators characteristic of rapid training in taekwondo was identified.

Keywords: taekwondo, quickly trained athletes, slowly trained athletes, morphofunctional indicators.

References

1. Afanasyeva I.A. Geneticheskiye osobennosti treniruyemosti taekvondistov i ikh sportivnyy otbor [Genetic features of the trainability of taekwondo athletes and their sports selection]. St. Petersburg. State Academy of Physics culture named after P.F. Lesgafta. St. Petersburg: [n. p.], 2004. 96 p.
2. Mokeev G.I., Rudenko G.V. Osobennosti organizatsii i soderzhaniya trenirovki bokserov v polugodichnom makrotsikle [Features of the organization and content of training for boxers in a six-month macrocycle]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2017. No. 5. pp. 43-45.
3. Rudenko G.V., Tkachuk M.G., Dorofeev V.A. Morfologicheskiye pokazateli uspeshnosti sorevnovatelnoy deyatelnosti v yedinoborstvakh [Morphological indicators of success of competitive activity in martial arts]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2020. No. 4. pp. 92-94.
4. Sobolev A.A., Tkachuk M.G., Levitsky A.A. Morfofunktsionalnyye kriterii bystroy treniruyemosti sambistov [Morphofunctional criteria for the rapid training of sambo wrestlers]. Uchenyye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta. 2018. No. 7. pp. 247-250.
5. Sologub E.B., Taymazov V.A., Afanasyeva I.A. Sportivnaya genetika [Sports genetics]. St. Petersburg: Politekhn. universitet publ., 2017. 166 p.
6. Tkachuk M.G., Levitsky A.G., Sobolev A.A. Individualno-tipologicheskiye osobennosti bortsov s razlichnoy treniruyemostyu [Individual typological characteristics of wrestlers with different training abilities]. Uchenyye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta. 2018. No. 3. pp. 288-292.
7. Carter J. The Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype. Canada. 2002. 22 p.