Dr. Hab., Professor A.A. Somkin¹
Dr. Hab., Professor E.G. Saikina²
PhD, Professor A.N. Dityatin²
PhD, Associate Professor G.V. Skorohvatova^2
1St. Petersburg State University of Film and Television, St. Petersburg
²The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg

Objective of the study was to determine the leading biomechanical parameters of the technique and the “main reference points” when performing the “record” difficulty jump “Biles II”.
Methods and structure of the study. For the biomechanical analysis of the Biles II vault, video materials were used using a single-camera method (30 frames/s) - the optical axis of the camera was located perpendicular to the movement, which occurred in one (sagittal) plane. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the jump phases and changes in interlink angles in the main joints of the body were determined. Based on the results obtained, the “main reference points” were identified, which determine the success of this “record” vault.
To determine the kinematic characteristics, the computer program Movavi Video Editor 23.5.1 was used; for joint angles in the phases of pushing with the legs and pushing with the arms – the “Protractor Online” web service.
Results and conclusions. Analysis of leading spatio-temporal parameters and identification of “main reference points” when performing a jump of “record” difficulty “Biles II” (D = 6.4) will allow us to develop an adequate training technology for mastering international-level competitive programs in this type of women’s all-around. Leading Russian gymnasts so far perform at competitions a simpler jump from this structural group: “Yurchenko - back somersault with a 720° turn”, the difficulty of which is only 5.0, and are now much inferior in this component to the jump of S. Biles.

Keywords: artistic gymnastics, vault, Simone Biles, biomechanical parameters, main support points, Yurchenko jump.

References

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