PhD A.A. Domozhilova
Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sports and Health, St. Petersburg

Keywords: complex coordination sports, microcirculation, blood flow rate, respiratory test.

Introduction. It is known that practicing complex sports is associated with the risk of developing various pathological changes in the cardiovascular system [1]. In this regard, the study of microcirculation can be considered as a promising method of their early detection in athletes.
The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the microvascular reaction to the respiratory test in athletes specializing in complex coordination sports.
Methodology and organization of the study. The scientific work was attended by girls (group 1, n=26, age 19.5±1.1 years) who are systematically engaged in complex coordination sports (gymnastics, acrobatic rock and roll, rhythmic gymnastics) and have a sports qualification of CMC – MSMC. The control group consisted of healthy untrained subjects (n=10, age 19.6±1.4 years). Microcirculation registration was performed on the skin areas of the nail bed of the finger of the hand using a device for high-frequency ultrasound diagnostics "Minimax-Doppler-K". Statistical data processing was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon criteria.
The results of the study and their discussion. At rest, microcirculation indices were comparable in female athletes and in untrained subjects. It is known that taking a deep breath causes activation of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, mediating the vasoconstrictor response of peripheral blood vessels. In our study, during a 30-second breath delay, a statistically significant decrease in systolic and average speeds was observed in both control group participants (by 41% and 33%) and group 1 (by 31% and 26%) (at p<0.05). In turn, after the recovery of respiration, significant changes in all speed indicators of blood flow were noted in the athletes, while in the control group only the average speed increased statistically significantly.
Conclusion. Athletes specializing in complex coordination sports have a high sensitivity of the microvascular bed to vasoconstrictor stimuli and pronounced reactivity of the vascular wall.

Literature

1. Svetlichkina, A. A. Differential diagnostic criteria of the cardiovascular system in those engaged in rhythmic gymnastics / A. A. Svetlichkina, A.V. Dorontsev // Scientific notes of the P. F. Lesgaft University. – 2017. – № 1 (143). – Pp. 181-184.