Improvement of the technical skills of athletes-jumpers on the basis of the study of the rhythmic structure of a triple jump

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Dr. Hab., Professor A.L. Ogandzhanov1
PhD, Associate Professor M.B. Salamatov2
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor I.K. Latypov3
Postgraduate student S.E. Loktionov1
1Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow
2Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow
3Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Kazan

Objective of the study was to optimize the rhythmic structure and form a rational style of the triple jump based on the analysis of the dynamics of the temporal rhythm and the spatial correlation of the support-flight phases of the triple jump with the growth of the competitive result and the qualification of the jumpers.
Methods and structure of the study. The scientific work included video filming of the competitive activity of athletes with video analysis of the kinematic characteristics of the competitive attempts of athletes (DARTFISH software), electronic photodiode timing of the speed dynamics in the run-up sections in track and field jumps (BROWER system), mark systems on the sector. In the competitive activity of qualified triple jumpers, the study of the temporal rhythm and the ratio of the length of the support-flight phases of the triple jump was carried out in the range of results of 14.98–18.10 m.
Results and conclusions. The dynamics of the rhythmic structure of the triple jump with the growth of the qualification of jumpers takes place in the direction of the formation of the most rational "high-speed" style of the triple jump, which is characterized by the preservation of horizontal speed throughout the triple jump to its last phase. At the same time, the ratio of the length of the three phases of the triple jump shifts in the direction of increasing the percentage of the "jump". The result of the study was the practical development of a methodology for improving the rhythmic structure of a triple jump towards the formation of a progressive "high-speed" style of a triple jump, including special exercises for jumpers and psychological and motor settings when performing special exercises.

Keywords: track and field jumps, competitive activity, triple jump, rhythmic structure, technical readiness, athletes-jumpers.

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