Dr. Biol., Associate Professor S.Y. Zavalishina¹
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor A.S. Makhov^1
1Russian State Social University, Moscow

Keywords: adolescence, swimming, muscle activity, physical activity, red blood cells.

Introduction. Low physical activity even at a young age leads to the development of dysfunction of various body systems and deterioration of hemorheology [1]. Due to the high frequency of hypodynamia already in adolescence, the search for ways to eliminate it with normalization of rheological properties of blood cells remains highly relevant [2].
The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of hematological parameters in physically untrained young men who started regular swimming classes.
Methodology and organization of the study. The group of participants consisted of 18 physically untrained young men (age 19.5 ± 0.8 years) who started regular swimming lessons, at least 40 minutes a day and at least three times a week. The control group included 16 physically active young men (age 19.8 ± 1.0 years) who regularly for at least two years, at least three times a week engaged in swimming, at least 40 minutes per workout. Hematological and statistical methods of investigation were applied.
The results of the study and their discussion. Initially, there was an imbalance of arachidonic acid metabolites in the blood of the young men of the study group with an increase of 26.2%, thromboxane B2 in their blood and a decrease of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a by 14.2%. In their erythrocytes, the content of acylhydroperoxides was increased by 27.3%, malondialdehyde by 28.0% and cholesterol by 15.2% with a reduced content of phospholipids by 12.9%. At the first examination in the blood of physically inactive young men, the content of discoid erythrocytes was inferior to the control by 13.5%, when the number of red blood cells with reversible shape disorder exceeded the control levels by 29.4% and the number of red blood cells with irreversible changes by 7.2 times. Regular swimming classes were accompanied by the elimination of the imbalance of arachidonic acid metabolism products in the young men of the study group as a result of normalization of the amount of thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a in their blood.
Conclusions. After six months of swimming training, the content of acylhydroperoxides, malondialdehyde and cholesterol in the erythrocyte membranes of the study group boys decreased and the content of total phospholipids increased to the control level. Regular six-month swimming lessons led to an increase in the content of red blood cells with discoid shape in young men and to a decrease in the number of red blood cells with reversibly and irreversibly altered shape to the level of control.

Literature

1. Medvedev, I.N., Kachenkova, E.S. Functional features of the heart in athletes. Theory and practice of physical culture. – 2021. – № 8. – 20–21.
2. Medvedev I.N., Gusev A.V., Malyshev A.V., Mikhailova O.D., Garina E.V., Petina E. Sh., Tagirova N.Dz. Influence of the Experience of Health-Improving Jogging on the Level of Functional Activity of Platelets in Men of the Second Mature Age. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 2020. No 11 (8): рр. 432–438.