PhD, Associate Professor G.I. Semenova¹
Postgraduate P.A. Grigoriev^1
1Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg

Objective of the study was to methodically substantiate the "Squats with Raised Arms" test method as a tool to detect bodily dysfunctions and ways to eliminate them.
Methods and structure of the study. The authors suggested that the functional testing of movement in the "Squats with Raised Arms" test would help identify the risk of injury to people engaged in sports and active physical activities (fitness, dancing, etc.). Coupled with this screening technique and well-chosen correctional exercises, it will be possible to design a training system to develop effective fitness and real-life movements. The authors emphasized that the squat execution technique can be observed and analyzed from three different positions - front, side and back, to identify the compensation of movements in each of them. Having focused on these key areas, they were able to clarify the test techniques.
The "Squats with Raised Arms" test was conducted in October 2019 and involved 50 people of the 1st and 2nd mature ages (34-53 years). A myograph was used in the test to determine the degree of activation of the subjects’ trunk muscles in two types of squats: back squats (women - 10 kg, men - 20 kg) and squats with the raised arms. The muscular activity was analyzed in the following areas: rectus abdominis muscle, oblique abdominal muscles, extensors of the back, greater and minor rhomboid muscles, and broadest muscle of the back.
Results and conclusions. The "Squats with Raised Arms" test showed an average increase of 4-7% in the degree of activation of all the muscles. It should be noted that, versus the basic squats, such squats activated 10% more upper abdominal muscles. In addition, during the squats with the raised arms, there were noticeable differences in the two positions of the joints, six differences in the kinetic chain, and gender-specific differences in the muscle activation.
Therefore, the research conducted confirms the possibility and expediency of using the "Squats with Raised Arms" test to detect bodily dysfunctions and further develop the program to eliminate them.

Keywords: fitness, movement, dysfunction, squats, testing.

References

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2. Goss, D.L. Functional training program bridges rehabilitation and return to duty /D.L. Goss, G.E. Christopher, R.T. Faulk, & J. Moore. Journal of Special Operations Medicine: a Peer Reviewed Journal for SOF Medical Professionals, 2009. 9(2), p. 29.
3. Gulgin, H., Hoogenboom, B. The Functional Movement Screening (FMS)™: An interrater reliability study between raters of varied experience. International journal of sports physical therapy, 2014. 9 (1), p. 14.