Dr.Biol., Professor R.V. Tambovtseva¹
Master's student A.N. Demidova^1
1Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Objective of the study was to determine the factor functional state structure and predisposition to the manifestation of various physical qualities in women engaged in fitness.
Methods and structure of the study. The study involved 30 women aged 22-35 years with at least one year of fitness experience. We evaluated the subjects’ anthropometric, constitutional, and dermatoglyphic parameters. The following research methods were applied: the Heath-Carter somatotype evaluation procedure; dermatoglyphics (the study of fingerprints), the results of which were processed using the standard methods; calculation of the Pignet, Erisman, Quetelet indices, height to body-weight ratio, and chest excursion – to determine the level of physical development. The results obtained were summed up and matched on the scale: with the scores up to 3 - the low level of physical development; -2 – +2 - below average, 3-5 - average, 6-7 - above average, and 8-9 - high.
Results and conclusions. The tested functional and dermatoglyphic indicators were widely dispersed among women of different somatotypes engaged in fitness. In terms of six indicators, the differences were statistically significant and the highest contribution to the division by groups was made by the somatotype-specific points, tapping test results (1st and 4th squares), Robinson index, and muscle and fat mass. The above indicators are part of the factors that make up the factorial functional state structure and the predisposition of women of different somatotypes involved in fitness to the manifestation of physical qualities.
Such significant differences cannot be ignored in the organization of the training process. To achieve the maximum results in the shortest possible time, the training impacts must be significantly different for each specific group.

Keywords: fitness, functional sta-te, physical qualities, predisposition, women.

References

1. Abramova T.F., Nikitina T.M., Ozolin N.N. Vozmozhnosti ispolzovaniya paltsevoy dermatogliftiki v sportivnom otbore [Possibility of using finger dermatoglyphics in sports selection]. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury. 1995. No.3. pp. 10-17.
2. Gladkova T.D. Kozhnye uzory kisti i stopy obezyan i cheloveka [Hand skin patterns and feet of monkeys and humans]. Moscow: Nauka publ., 1966. pp. 147-151.
3. Zulaev I.I., Abulhanova M.V. Metod paltsevoy dermatoglifiki kak faktor sportivnogo otbora [Method of finger dermatoglyphics as sports selection factor]. http://lib.sportedu.ru/press/tpfk/2007n2/p24-25.htm
4. Sonkin V.D., Tambovtseva R.V. Teloslozhenie kak faktor fizicheskogo i motornogo razvitiya detey shkolnogo vozrasta [Physique as factor in physical and motor development of schoolchildren]. Telesnost kak sotsiokulturny fenomen: opyt mezhdistsipl. Analiza [Physicality as a sociocultural phenomenon: the experience of interdisciplinary analysis] Ptoc. theor. practical conf.. Moscow: RSUPEST publ., 2009. pp. 77-79.
5. Tambovtseva R.W., Zagorskaya A.V. Sposob opredeleniya dominiruyushchikh konstitutsionalnykh tipov u sportsmenok v khudozhestvennoy gimnastike i parno-gruppovoy sportivnoy akrobatike pri ispolzovanii paltsevoy dermatoglifiki [Dominating body builds versus fingerprints analyzing method to identify prospects in artistic gymnastics]. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury. 2018. No. 3. pp. 52-53.
6. Hit B.H., Karter D.L. Sovremennye metody somatotipologii [Modern methods of somatotypology]. Voprosy antropologii. v. 1: 1968. No. 29. pp. 20-40; v. 2: 1969. No. 33. pp. 60-79.