Postgraduate student N.A. Ovchinnikova²
Dr. Med., Professor L.V. Kapilevich^{1, 2, 3
1}National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk
²National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
³Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk

Adolescence is a period of dramatic brain maturation. The malleable brain of a teenager is believed to be particularly susceptible to physical activity and aerobic exercises. Physical exercises have various effects on the brain based on the differential developmental processes that occur in childhood and adolescence, as well as in adulthood. Finally, given the rapid development of the adolescent brain, the impact of exercise on the brain at this critical time can serve as a basis for the development of the nervous and cognitive functions.
Objective of the study was to analyze available data on the relationship between aerobic physical loads and cognitive development in adolescence.
Results and conclusions. The existing research findings show that regular physical activities, particularly those of high intensity or aerobics, may contribute to the academic progress and various cognitive processes, including reaction time, inhibition, and learning. At the same time, a number of aspects remain unclear, in particular the cognitive effects of anaerobic loads and the role of air pollution factors. In addition, an integrated approach should be used in assessing the level of physical activity. Given the available data, it is evident that adolescents need to devote more time to sports activities, especially intensive or aerobic exercises, which can not only improve their physical health but also positively affect their brain structure and functioning.

Keywords: adolescents, aerobic loads, cognitive functions.

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