Associate Professor S.A. Glushkov¹
A.K. Konstantinova²
M.K. Ershov²
A.M. Firago³
S.V. Pershikov^4
1Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Vologda
²Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health, St. Petersburg
³Gymnasium No. 622, St. Petersburg
⁴I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow

Objective of the study was to assess the dynamics of the adaptive potential of heart rate in the active orthostatic test before and after the training session to objectify the admission to further physical loads.
Methods and structure of the study. We examined a group of qualified all-round athletes (n=32) aged 18-23 years and qualified Master of Sports (n=14) and Candidate Master of Sports (n=18). The athletes were subjected to the active orthostatic test twice. The first testing was conducted in the morning, prior to the training session, the second - 25-30 minutes after the training on the onset of the stationary state of the RR intervals. The RR intervals were registered in accordance with the standard of 5-minute records and processed using the mathematical statistics method. The adaptive potential was estimated based on the total spectrum power value with due regard to the contribution of rapid oscillations (HF component), slow oscillations (LF component) and very slow oscillations (VLF component). The LF/HF ratio was seen as a sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The reactivity of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system was determined by the coefficient 30:15 (K30:15).
Results and conclusions. It is shown that the post-training orthostatic heart rate variability is characterized by a slight restriction of its adaptive potential, which is compensated by the increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic tone, which is accompanied by a pronounced dynamics of the vegetative balance - the increase of sympathetic reactivity defined by the LF/HF marker. Therefore, the post-training variability of the spectral characteristics of the heart rate during orthostasis indicates the stability of the athletes' adaptive capabilities.

Keywords: functional state, adaptive reserves, physiological cost of physical load.

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