T.A. Pushkina¹
Dr.Biol., Professor S.P. Levushkin²
Dr.Biol., Professor V.D. Sonkin^2
1Federal Biomedical Agency, Moscow
²Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Key words: superoxide dismutase, maximum anaerobic capacity, blood lactate level.

Introduction. The enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a low molecular weight peptide whose function is to counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS) that occur during cellular metabolism, including during strenuous muscle activity [2]. A method for obtaining SOD from vegetable raw materials has been developed, a food additive has been created and certified [1]. Orally administered SOD stimulates the human body's own synthesis of the enzyme, which determines the final positive effect [3].
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of 2-week intake of SOD by athletes on their anaerobic performance.
Methodology and organization of the study. The work was carried out on the basis of the research Institute of sports and sports medicine RSUF Ksmit. The study involved 16 athletes (7 basketball players and 9 swimmers). All subjects were randomly divided into two groups – experimental (EG) and control (KG). The participants of the EG received daily drug ODS, the participants KG – placebo (maltodextrin).
To assess the effectiveness of SOD before and after 14 days of daily administration of the drug, the maximum anaerobic capacity (MAM) was measured on a Bicycle Ergometer.
As indicators of anaerobic performance, the values of the maximum achieved power, the average power for the entire test and the maximum alactate power were used. To control the functional value of the work performed, the dynamics of lactate in the blood in the recovery period was analyzed.
The results of the study and their discussion. For all three indicators of anaerobic performance in EG revealed a significant increase (p<0.05). As a RESULT, there were no significant changes in the power indicators in the test "MAM". Along with a positive effect on the value of anaerobic capacity of athletes, two-week intake of SOD also affected metabolic processes when performing the " MAM " test: in EG, the level of lactate significantly (p<0.05) decreased during repeated testing, while in KG it even slightly increased.

Conclusion. The study revealed that the drug SOD when administered orally for 2 weeks has a positive effect on anaerobic performance of athletes and reduces the participation of glycolytic mechanisms in the energy supply of work. Perhaps this is due to the preventive role of SOD in relation to ROS and other negative metabolic factors of intense load.

References

1. Décordé, K.; Ventura, E.; Lacan, D.; Ramos, J. et al. A SOD rich melon extract ExtramelO prevents aortic lipids and liver steatosis in diet-induced model of atherosclerosis. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Res. 2009, (doi:10.1016/j.numecd. 2009.04.017).
2. Fridovich I. Superoxide radical and superoxide dismutases. Annu Rev Biochem. 1995; 64: 97–112.
3. Okada F, Shionoya H, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi T, Tazawa H, Onuma K, et al. Prevention of inflammation-mediated acquisition of metastatic properties of benign mouse fibrosarcoma cells by administration of an orally available superoxide dismutase. Brit J Cancer. 2006; 94: 854–62.