Associate Professor, PhD B.Kh. Landa
Private educational establishment of Higher professional education “Institute of Economics, Management and Law", Kazan

Keywords: technique, self-diagnostics of health, students, information communication and on-line technologies.

“Physical Education still remains on the margins of educational and upbringing processes, it loses competition for the children’s and adolescents’ leisure, yielding to sedentary life”.

/From V.V. Putin’s address of 13.03.2013/.

Introduction. The discipline “Physical Education” (PE) is the basic discipline at all educational levels (pre-school, primary school, secondary, comprehensive, higher education). It is aimed at harmonious upbringing of the students, preservation and improving of their health. In the curricula of state universities more than 400 academic hours are allocated for the discipline. However, the worrying statistics of the younger generation’s health, which has been keeping the negative trend during the recent decades, makes us search for new educational technologies and techniques to increase the efficiency of teaching this discipline. Society, state and employers need not only well-educated but also healthy people, able to work under tough competition of market economy. One of the reasons for the low efficiency of physical training, according to V.P. Lukyanenko [3], is the lack of educational orientation of PE as the discipline equal to other disciplines. The author’s own experience shows that many students skip the PE lessons, as they think they are done with this discipline at school. Others get health certificate to prove that they cannot attend PE lessons, and write reports about their illness and how to cope with it. Those cribbed reports recommend systematic physical exercise, from which they freed themselves. There are students who believe their physical conditions to be sufficient, they need PE lessons only to get a good mark. This group includes athletes too. We have posed a question of how to increase students’ motivation to study PE, which plays a significant role in rendering a high quality educational service. How to make PE an interesting and modern discipline?

Research objective was to elaborate the technique of self-diagnostics of students’ physical condition using modern information communication and on-line technologies..

Methods and structure of the study. The PE Department at our Institute is carrying out the approbation of the technique for teaching all students the self-diagnostics of the main health indicators with available and well-known test of physical development (PD), physical training (PT) and functional training (FT). The tutorials of federal level have been prepared and published [1-2], which are available for students (published on the Institute’s web-site). At Stage 1 called “Factual measurements” a student learns how to work with facilities and tools necessary to measure the indicators, and puts the obtained results to the table of factual measurements consisting of 5 sections: 1. General information (Name, group number, date of birth, gender); 2. PD indicators (weight, height, chest circumference, vital capacity, hand strength); 3. PT indicators (flexibility, endurance, speed, etc.); 4. FT indicators (heart rate, blood pressure, breath-holding, etc.); 5. Level of knowledge (mean grade of the passed exams). At Stage 2, “Calculation”, the student calculates the PT and PD indicators by the formulas given in the tutorial for the gender-age norms of the curricula and the “Ready for Labor and Defence” complex. All physical qualities (flexibility – bent forward from the standing position, explosive force – standing long jump, strength by the number of chin-ups, etc.) are calculated by one formula, and those related to speed (running, shuttle run and high-speed running, endurance running) – by another.

Flexibility = (R_fact – GAI)/ GAI,

Running = (GAI – R_fact)/ GAI, where R_fact – factual result, GAI – gender-age indicator

The calculated values of different physical qualities allow to define the overall level of physical fitness (OLPF).

OLPF =

The physical development (PD) index is calculated by the formulas for height-to-weight ratio, birth-death ratio and hand strength indices:

   
HWR  = Mkg/ Hcm/  BDR = VCml/Mkg /  HS = HSkg/Mkg * 100%

Stage 3 - “Evaluation”. The norm of any physical quality is considered to be fulfilled if its calculated value is zero or higher. If the calculated value is negative, then the norm is not fulfilled.

The physical development (PD) indices are calculated by the calculated values of indices.

Table 1. Height-to-weight ratio estimation

Note. Usually the height-to-weight ratio is a little smaller in tall people.

Table 2. Estimation of birth-death ratio in the age group under 35 y.o.

The vital capacity index reflects the functional abilities of the respiratory system.

Estimation of strength index. The hand strength index in males is 65–80%, in females – 45–50% of the body weight on average.

Results and discussion. Teaching self-diagnostics is carried out distantly (see Stage 1). The student independently fills in the table with the measurement results, makes calculations and estimates the obtained information. Then they can, after consultations with a tutor, change the learning process structure to develop physical qualities in need of improvement. The technique is used to consider the requirements of the curricula and the new “Ready for Labor and Defence” complex, showing the percentage of the gold, silver and bronze level students. The experimental methods of monitoring of the complex indicators of various groups and majors make Physical Education not only an academic but also a scientific discipline, serving as the basis for involving students to research work. The proposed self-diagnostics technique applied will give the opportunity to show the influence of PD indices on PT, as well as the influence of achievements in physical training on the students' academic progress. The correlation between them, as well as stating the value and reliability of these correlations, will help solve a number of topical tasks with the students’ participation. The most important of them is evaluation of the quality of education, with the help of the results of the complex pedagogical monitoring of the health and knowledge indices.

Conclusion. The proposed technique of health self-diagnostics with the available PT and PD tests is personality-oriented; it shows the way of improving one’s physical qualities to preserve and improve health, which increases interest and motivation to Physical Education and Sport. The interest is supported by the possibility of independent work with the innovative technique, using the modern technologies.

References

1. Landa B.Kh. Monitoring v upravlenii zdoroviesberezheniem uchashchikhsya obrazovatel'nykh uchrezhdeniy (obuchayushchie metodika i tekhnologiya): ucheb. posobie (Monitoring in health-saving management of the students of educational establishments (training technique and methodology): tutorial) / B.Kh. Landa; Institute of Economics, Management and Law (Kazan). – Kazan: Poznanie (Institute of Economics, Management and Law (Kazan), 2014. – 65 p.
2. Landa B.Kh. Metodika kompleksnoy otsenki fizicheskogo razvitiya i fizicheskoy podgotovlennosti: ucheb. posobie (Technique of complex estimation of physical development and physical training. Tutorial) 5th ed. – Moscow, Sovetskiy Sport, 2011. – 348p.
3. Lukiyanenko V.P. Kontseptsiya modernizatsii sistemy obshchego srednego fizkul'¬turnogo obrazovaniya v Rossii (Conception of modernization of comprehensive secondary physical education in Russia). Moscow, Sovetskiy Sport, 2007. – 120 p.

Abstract. Research objective was to elaborate the technique of self-diagnostics of students’ physical condition using modern information communication and on-line technologies.
The technique and methods of self-diagnostics of students’ health according to the available test of physical fitness and physical development. The technique includes the calculation and evaluation stages of factual measurements, and fits for processing the studying academic progress and results of the “Ready for Labor and Defence” complex. In order to introduce students into physical education and sport classes, the technique is focused on personality, its results show the student how to improve his/her physical abilities. The students are interested in the technique as it can be mastered using modern information communication and on-line technologies.