Ph.D. M.E. Snigur¹
Associate professor, Ph.D. N.V. Peshkova²
Associate professor, Ph.D. V.Yu. Losev²
O.N. Kizaev^1
1Surgut State Pedagogical University, Surgut
²Surgut State University, Surgut

Key words: motor activity, motor mode, types of motor activity, actually educational activity.

Introduction. The educational system of the Russian Federation is being modernized for the purpose of improvement of its quality, affordability, support and development of each child's talent and promotion of their health.

The purpose of the study was to experimentally verify and substantiate motor mode of senior preschool children within implementation of the FSES.

Results and discussion. During the ascertaining phase of the experiment we studied the pattern of motor mode of senior preschool children of the municipal state-funded preschool educational institution - the kindergarten of combined type "Kolokol’chik" of municipal education of Noyabr’sk and determined the priority forms of physical exercises and their duration, calculated the total volume of MA. In the kindergarten "Kolokol’chik" they use different forms of physical exercises in the motor mode, but special focus is on educational, health-improving and correctional forms, the total volume of which equaled 3.38, which is markedly different from the FSES norms.

During the ascertaining phase of the experiment, using the method of pedometry we have found that MA of senior preschool children distributed unequally during the day: the children were most active when taking a walk and at physical education classes.

During the experiment we have found that MA of children changed by week days, too. The maximum activity was observed on Monday (7545 ± 271) and Tuesday (7463 ± 203), and it decreased in other days. The minimal MA (5583±470) was registered on Saturday.

Consequently, when generalizing the research results, it can be concluded that the main indices of MA of senior preschool children make up only 50% of the recommended norm. That is why, it is necessary to form the motor mode of senior preschool children.

In order to conduct the formative stage of the experiment we substantiated the motor mode consisting of different types of activity (Table 1). When developing a rational motor mode we not only considered the satisfaction of the children's need for MA, but also allowed for its rational content within the implementation of the FSES in an educational institution.

Table 1. Motor mode with different types of motor activity of senior preschool children

The forms of physical exercises in the motor mode with different types of motor activity of senior preschool children consist of such main characteristics as: volume, duration and intensity of physical loads, as well as timing and number of locomotions.

During the formative experiment we have found that in the experimental and control groups the highest MA was observed on Monday. Thus, at the weekend the children's need for MA was not realized at an adequate level (Figure ).

* – significance compared with the experimental group

∆ – maximum volume of motor activity

Figure 1. Week's dynamics of the daily volume of motor activity of senior preschool children (number of locomotions)

It is determined more by social factors rather than a child's biological motion demand: organization of educational process, environmental conditions, education and training.

When comparing the mean values of the daily volume of motor activity on Wednesday, we could see that in the experimental group this index equaled 11 329±217.4, which considerably exceeded the indices of the control group (9358±249.7) and was statistically significant (р<0.05).

Therefore, the volume of MA of the children from the experimental group increased owing to more intense daily physical loads, which included play activity.

According to the comparative measures of the indices of physical development (Table 2), the Ketle index values in the experimental group (16.8±1.4) differed from those in the control group (17.8±2.2). Significant changes in the harmony of body built and correspondence between body length and mass were found in the experimental group (р<0.005). There were no significant changes in the control group.

The results obtained over the Robinson index amounted to 109.8±10.27 in the experimental group, in the control group – 97.7±10.29, which proved the significance of differences between the groups (р<0.05). Children with minor disturbances of the cardiovascular system were recommended to perform cyclic exercises of moderate intensity and speed-strength loads.

Table 2. Comparative measures of physical development of senior preschool children, М ±m

Based on the analysis of the Skibinsky index, the functional capabilities of the respiratory system and load tolerance of the body have increased significantly in the experimental group (361±29.01) compared with those in the control group (301±26.41).

As seen from the Ruffier index values in the experimental group, the cardiovascular system response to standard physical load was much higher (14.4±3.52) than in the girls from the control group (16.8±2.49). This confirmed the test validity (р<0.05) over the given index.

The evaluation analysis of the Shapovalova’s index helped reveal more significant changes in the development of power, agility and speed abilities in the experimental group (83.4±9.31), rather than in the control one (71.1±7.14), which testified to the training effect of the motor mode.

The Robinson index has increased (73.1±6.94) significantly in the experimental group (р<0.05). In the control group the increase was insignificant (97.7±10.29), which testified to the current insufficient disturbances of the cardiovascular system.

The comparative measures of physical fitness levels after the experiment have revealed a considerable increase in the results obtained in the experimental group. According to the findings of the educational experiment, the results characterizing the level of their physical fitness have increased in the experimental and control groups. At the same time, the process proceeded more intensively in the experimental group (Table 3).

Table 3. Comparative measures of physical fitness levels of senior preschool children, М ±m

Conclusion. As seen from the study, an increase of the level of physical development of senior preschool children within the implementation of the federal state educational standard involves changing volume and intensity of normalized motor activity of children in the daily routine, while maintaining the overall structure of the regime moments by reducing their organizational aspects and redistributing the content of forms of physical exercises in the motor mode with different types of activity. As a result of the studies the children of the experimental group have improved their indicators of overall endurance, speed-strength, speed, coordination abilities (р<0,05) compared to those in the control group.

References

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Corresponding author: apokin_vv@mail.ru