Abstract

Objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of using variable exercises in improving the attacking shot technique of qualified volleyball players in student teams.

Methodology and organization of the study. The scientific work employed analysis of literary sources, pedagogical observation, biomechanical analysis, control-pedagogical tests, expert evaluation, and statistical data processing. The experiment was conducted on the basis of the RUS (SCOLIPE) team with the participation of 28 qualified volleyball players (Candidates for Master of Sports and 1st category athletes). During a one-year training cycle, the experimental group (EG) implemented variable exercises simulating game situations when performing the attacking shot against single and group blocks, with changes in the speed and height of the set, as well as responding to visual and auditory signals from the coach.

Results of the study and their discussion. The use of variable exercises had a pronounced positive effect on the biomechanics and effectiveness of the attacking shot. In the EG, the height of ball contact increased from 285.2±6.9 to 296.1±6.4 cm (p < 0.05), the speed of the arm backswing increased from 18.9±1.0 to 21.5±1.2 m/s (p < 0.05), and the range of motion in the shoulder joint increased by an average of 12°. The accuracy of hitting the target zone in a series of 10 shots increased from 61.3±5.5 to 72.9±6.0% (p < 0.05). The expert assessment of the quality of performance increased from 7.2±0.5 to 8.6±0.4 points, and the athletes' self-assessment of confidence increased from 3.6±0.7 to 4.6±0.5 points. In the control group (CG), the changes were statistically insignificant. Biomechanical analysis showed an increase in the coordination of movement phases and rhythmicity of the attacking shot in EG athletes. An improvement in speed-strength characteristics and an increase in the integral indicator of technical preparedness by 17% were noted.

Conclusion. Thus, the results of the pedagogical experiment convincingly demonstrate that the introduction of variable exercises into the training process of young qualified volleyball players increases the rationality and effectiveness of the attacking shot technique, contributes to the formation of stable and flexible motor skills in competitive conditions, and can be recommended for widespread use in the training system for student teams.

References

1. Bulykina L.V., Guba V.P., Kostyukov V.V., Rodin A.V. Voleybol i yego raznovidnosti [Volleyball and Its Varieties]. Moscow: Sovetsky Sport Trading House LLC, 2024. 523 p. ISBN 978-5-00129-377-4.

No. 5, pp. 48–48

Published: 08.05.2026

CC BY 4.0