Dr. Med., Professor A.L. Korepanov¹
Dr. Hab., Professor O.N. Golovko¹
Postgraduate student E.A. Danilov^1
1Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol

Keywords: adolescent boys, heart rate variability, individual psychological characteristics.

Introduction. The proven effectiveness of using heart rate variability (HRV) indicators and psychological characteristics of young athletes in sports selection and training process management determines the relevance of studying the relationships between autonomic status indicators and individual psychological features of boys aged 13–14 years [1].

Objective of the study. To study the characteristics of HRV indicators in boys aged 13–14 years with different individual psychological personality traits.

Methodology and organization of the study. The study involved 110 healthy boys aged 13–14 years, who were eighth-grade students in schools of Sevastopol. HRV indicators were studied using the "Poly-Spectrum" system (Neurosoft, Russia). The following indicators were determined: mode (Mo), mode amplitude (AMo), standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), and Baevsky stress index (SI). Individual psychological personality traits were determined using the Eysenck test (57 questions), which allows assessing the level of extraversion, introversion, and neuroticism. Using the survey data on the "extraversion-introversion" and "neuroticism" scales, personality temperament indicators were derived.

Results of the study and discussion. The absolute values of all HRV indicators were within normal limits. Thus, the Mo value was 0.78±0.07 s; AMo – 22.82±2.2%; SDNN – 90.83±3.72 ms; SI – 55.4±3.1 conventional units. Analysis of cardiac autonomic regulation for the entire group based on the SI indicator showed that balanced sympathovagal relations (eutonia) were observed in 45% of adolescents (73 individuals), predominance of vagal influences (vagotonia) – in 15% of those examined (24 individuals), some predominance of sympathetic tone (sympathicotonia) – in 31% of children (51 individuals), and overstrain of regulatory mechanisms (hypersympathicotonia) – in 9% of examined adolescents (13 individuals).

Eysenck testing showed that 28.4% of the subjects had an introverted personality type, 25.5% – an extraverted type. Hyperthymic individuals (children with heightened extraversion) accounted for 46.1%. Comparative analysis of heart rate variability indicators in introverts (Int), extraverts (Ext), and hyperthymic individuals (Hyp) showed that AMo was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Hyp than in Int, with no significant differences between Int and Ext, or between Hyp and Ext. The distribution of SI in the studied groups showed that among Hyp, there were significantly (p<0.05) more hypersympathicotonic individuals than among Int and Ext. The adaptation resources of the cardiovascular system (based on the SI indicator) were greatest in Int, moderate in Hyp, and lowest in Ext.

Conclusions. Correlations between autonomic regulation and individual personality traits of adolescent boys have been established. Hyperthymic individuals have higher sympathetic tone than introverts and extraverts; introverts possess the greatest adaptive reserves of the cardiovascular system. The obtained results will be used in the development of methods for sports selection and training process management for young athletes.

Literature

1. Korepanov A.L., Golovko O.N., Ley V.A. Adaptatsionnyy potentsial serdtsa malchikov-podrostkov i yunoshey [Adaptive capacity of the heart in adolescent boys and young men]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2026. No. 2. P. 64.