Ushakova O.N.
Volgograd State Academy of Physical Education, Volgograd

Keywords: children, physical exercises, athletics, development, physical qualities, autism, throwing.

Introduction. Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant difficulties in interacting with the outside world, which manifests itself in communication with other people, understanding their emotional component, as well as in difficulties in expressing their own emotions. Very often, this is accompanied by the demonstration of repetitive actions, such children can be very sensitive to loud sounds and many other things, which are necessary to apply in the development of physical qualities, which are also important for children with ASD for a full-fledged existence and further development of social skills.
Physical exercise has a positive effect on the psycho-emotional well-being of children with ASD. The difficulty lies in the specificity of this disease and depending on the forms of its manifestation, it is necessary to build a training program taking into account all manifestations and recommendations of specialists.
The purpose of the study is to teach children with ASD to throw a medicine ball from different starting positions.
The results of the study and their discussion. The research was conducted over a period of 8 months, and it was found that any new motor action requires a certain amount of time to perform correctly. The training sessions were conducted individually with each child aged 9, lasting 60 minutes, twice a week. The sessions included a warm-up with simple exercises. On average, each child spent 5 minutes learning the exercises, with new movements gradually being added in subsequent sessions. We selected 10 exercises, including slow running. The next stage is the training of throwing elements. Throwing a 800 g medicine ball from over the head; from below – forward; from the chest with two hands were chosen. 15 min was spent on training each movement, but only by the fifth lesson was the correct performance of the throwing movement achieved.
Conclusions. When teaching children with ASD to perform motor actions, including elements of track and field throwing, it is important to understand that this is not a quick process that requires patience, calmness, and time from the coach. However, as the sessions progress, improvements in motor abilities, communication, and a calm response to new tasks become evident, indicating that this approach is effective. By understanding the time required to familiarize and teach a new element, it is possible to plan and expand the possibilities of training for children with ASD.

References

1. Ushakova, O.E. (2022) Teaching elements of athletic throwing to children aged 5-6, Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury, 11, p. 5.
2. Shakirova, A.V. (2019) Autism and sport: a method of teaching figure skating as a means of rehabilitation for children. Moscow: Sport-Chelovek.