Dr. Sc.Chem Viryus E.D.
Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow

PhD Dikunets M.A.
Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow

Dr. Hab. Fedotova E.V.
Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow

Dudko G.A.
Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow

Objective of the study is to determine the possibilities of using longitudinal metabolic analysis of biological samples in professional athletes to identify new, highly sensitive to changes in metabolic pathways associated with long–term adaptation to physical exertion.
Methods and structure of the study. A computerized search and analysis of relevant publications demonstrating the potential of longitudinal metabolic analysis of biological fluids of experienced athletes in identifying metabolic pathways associated with long-term adaptation to training effects was performed using the electronic databases of scientific citations PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science.
Results and conclusions. Consideration of preanalytical factors (sampling, selection of biological fluid, choice of profiling method and strategy) determines the effectiveness of longitudinal metabolic analysis of biological fluids in qualified athletes involved in a multi-month training process. The realization of these possibilities affects the potential for detecting significant changes in the functioning of the body systems (endocrine, cardiovascular, oxygen transport, energy supply of intracellular metabolism) of a trained athlete, reflected in the metabolic profile of the biological fluid under study. Regular training sessions lasting for months lead to the formation of a characteristic phenotype of a qualified athlete in accordance with his adaptive abilities, which have an individual "metabolic imprint". Longitudinal metabolic profiling of biological fluids provides information necessary for an in-depth study of the mechanisms of long-term adaptation occurring in the body of a professional athlete.

Keywords: training loads, long-term adaptation, metabolic profiling, functional status, qualified athletes.

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