Dr. Hab., Professor G.A. Gilev^{1, 2}
Dr. Hab., Professor Ch.T. Ivankov¹
M.A. Komlev²
V.V. Belyaev³
PhD E.A. Zubko^3
1Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow
²Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow
³I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow

Objective of the study was to identify differences in the manifestation of physical qualities in high school students of astheno-thoracic (AT) and muscular-digestive (MD) somatotypes during their studies in grades 9-11.
Methods and structure of the study. The test involved girls of the main medical group who are not involved in sports sections, of which 53 high school students of the asthenic type (26 people) and thoracic type (27 girls) were combined and made up the AT type group. Similarly, 45 of their classmates made up the MD somatotype group, in which 22 girls were muscular and 23 senior girls were digestive. Physical fitness testing and anthropometry were carried out at the beginning and at the end of each academic year.
Results and conclusions. The analysis of the obtained results showed the predominance of endurance qualities in the structure of physical fitness development in girls of AT body type, and for schoolgirls of MD body type, the leading physical qualities are strength, speed-strength abilities and flexibility. This indicates the expediency of conducting separate training sessions with girls of the senior classes of astheno-thoracic and muscular-digestive body types within the framework of the school schedule.

Keywords: high school students, anthropometry, physical qualities, body types, the process of physical education.

References

1. Andreenko L.I., Belyakova N.T. Differentsirovannyy podkhod v zavisimosti ot tipov teloslozheniya devochek-podrostkov [A differentiated approach depending on body types of teenage girls]. Fizkultura v shkole. 2001. No. 6. pp. 48-51.
2. Antonova O.A. Vozrastnaya anatomiya i fiziologiya [Age anatomy and physiology]. Moscow: Vyssheye obrazovaniye publ., 2006. 192 p.
3. Zhukov O.F., Goncharov V.A., Glukhova N.Yu. Uchet individualno-tipologicheskikh osobennostey v protsesse fizicheskogo vospitaniya shkolnikov [Accounting for individual typological features in the process of physical education of schoolchildren]. Vestnik sportivnoy nauki. 2008. No. 4. pp. 65-69.
4. Levushkin S.P., Sonkin V.D. Fizicheskaya podgotovka shkolnikov 7-17 let, imeyushchikh raznyye morfofunktsionalnyye tipy [Physical training of schoolchildren 7-17 years old with different morphological and functional types]. Ulyanovsk: UIPK PRO publ., 2006. 232 p.
5. Levushkin S.P. Problema optimizatsii fizicheskogo sostoyaniya shkolnikov sredstvami fizicheskogo vospitaniya [The problem of optimizing the physical condition of schoolchildren by means of physical education]. Fiziologiya cheloveka. 2009. Vol. 35. No. 1. pp. 67-74.
6. Lubysheva L.I. Kontseptsiya sportivnogo obrazovaniya v starshey shkole [The concept of sports education in high school]. Fizicheskaya kultura: vospitaniye, obrazovaniye, trenirovka. 2005. No. 2. pp. 2-4.
7. Matveev A.P. Fizicheskaya kultura. 10-11 klassy [Physical Culture. Grades 10-11]. Textbook for educational organizations: basic level. Moscow: Prosveshcheniye publ., 2019. 319 p.
8. Shtefko V.G., Ostrovsky A.D. Skhemy klinicheskoy diagnostiki konstitutsionalnykh tipov [Schemes of clinical diagnostics of constitutional types]. Moscow-Leningrad: Gos. med. izdatelstvo publ., 1929. 79 p.