Dr. Biol., Associate Professor S.Y. Zavalishina¹
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor A.S. Makhov^1
1Russian State Social University, Moscow

Keywords: men, old age, physical training, muscle activity, exercise equipment, heart, lungs.

Introduction. Regular rational physical activity can cause activation of the functional parameters of the body at any age [1], allowing long-term labor activity and minimizing the risk of pathology [2]. In this regard, there is still a need to improve metered-dose physical activity programs for older men.
The aim of the study was to assess the state of the cardiorespiratory system of elderly men who regularly engage in fitness according to the author's method.
Methodology and organization of the study. 55 elderly men (average age – 65.8±1.5 years), who did not have pathology of the cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine systems and oncological diseases, were examined. They were randomly divided into two comparable groups, called the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group (n=25) received physical activity according to the author's method.
During the year, they were given five classes a week for 45 minutes, consisting of breathing exercises, exercises on the simulators "PEAK-1", "Cardio-Twister" and GYROKINESIS, GYROTONIC. The control group consisted of men (n=30) who did not experience physical exertion and continued to lead a normal lifestyle. Both follow-up groups were examined at the end and after one year.
The results of the study and their discussion. Initially, the elderly men of both groups had low overall physical fitness when finding the indicators taken into account within the limits of the age norm. A repeated survey of men in the control group showed a tendency to negative changes in the indicators taken into account.
A year later, in the experimental group, the heart rate decreased by 19.5 %, yielding to the control by 34.4. In the men of the experimental group, the systolic pressure level decreased by 8.7% and diastolic pressure by 12.0 %, which was lower than the control level by 15.8 % and 16.0 %, respectively. After a year of follow-up, motor activity in the men of the experimental group increased by 50.0%, exceeding the control by 53.3 %. The results of the Genchi test by the end of observation in the experimental group increased by 21.7 %, exceeding the control by 31.0 %. Similar dynamics were observed in the results of the Stange test: they increased by 21.9 %, exceeding the control by 29.1 %. Their aerobic capacity increased by 18.0 %, prevailing over the control by 16.3 %. This was due to a 33.3 % increase in their level of vital capacity of the lungs, exceeding the control by 33.3 %. The Harvard test index in the experimental group increased by 24.3 %, indicating the transition of these men from the status of low physical fitness to the status of average physical fitness.
Conclusion. The tested method of physical training stimulated the functional activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in older men. This increased the level of their somatic health, contributing to the preservation of their ability to work.

References

1. Medvedev I.N. Physiological response of the rheological parameters of erythrocytes to regular physical exertion in individuals of the first mature age who are at risk of hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019. Vol. 11, no 4. P. 257-262.
2. Medvedev I.N., Gusev A.V., Malyshev A.V., Mikhailova O.D., Garina E.V., Petina E. Sh., Tagirova N.Dz. Influence of the Experience of Health-Improving Jogging on the Level of Functional Activity of Platelets in Men of the Second Mature Age. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 2020; 11 (8): 432-438.