‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module: benefits for psychomotor fitness of 11-13-year-old racing skiers

ˑ: 

Postgraduate D.E. Golovko
National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk

Keywords: kinesiological module, psychomotor fitness, ski race, theoretical and practical trainings.

Background. Modern ski racing sport is getting increasingly competitive with the fast progress in the skiing styles, equipment, accessories and services. The skiing elite has to intensify the training systems and, hence, revise requirements to the individual kinesiological resource profiled by the relevant psychomotor performance test rates. Experts underline the growing need for excellent psychomotor fitness for competitive success [1, 2, 5, 6, 10]; and this is the reason why the national sport community gives a special priority to the new psychomotor fitness methods and tools and their benefits for the nervous system performance, stress tolerance, resource mobilizing under pressure, prestart fever control etc. for individual competitive progress [3, 4, 8, 9 ].

Objective of the study was to rate and analyze benefits of a new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system to improve psychomotor fitness of the 11-13 year old cross-country racing skiers.

Methods and structure of the study. The study was run at Children and Youth Sport Schools (CYSS) #1 in Tomsk Oblast. We sampled for the study the 11-13 year old male racing skiers (n=40) and split them up into Experimental and Reference Groups (EG, RG) of 20 people each. We used the following research methods: analyses of the theoretical and practical literature on the subject; psychomotor fitness tests using a "Sports Psychophysiologist" Computerized Test System with the following tests: hand response to visual signal; response to auditory signal; hand tapping test; and the flashing frequency limit test; plus an educational experiment; and a standard mathematical data processing statistical toolkit.

Results and discussion. We developed the ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system with the combined training tools to improve the mental controls, psychomotor fitness and resource mobilizing skills of the sample: see Table 1.

Table 1. Elements of the new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system

Practices

Description

Note

Prone to jumps

Trainee will jump from a prone position with straight arms tight to the sides in response to an auditory signal (whistle, clap, etc.)

15 reps

Recumbent to jumps

Trainee will jump from a recumbent position with arms tight to the sides as soon as possible in response to a visual signal

15 reps

 

Front rushes on the move

Trainee will stand with the straight arms tight to the sides, and rush to a mark on a visual right/ left signal and come back as soon as possible – to immediately respond to a new signal. The right/ left run distances are the same (3/5 m)

3 right reps, 3 left reps

 

Back forward rushes on the move

Trainee will stand back to the run track with the straight arms tight to the sides, rush to a mark on a visual right/ left signal and come back as soon as possible – to immediately respond to a new signal. The right/ left run distances are the same (3/5 m)

3 right reps, 3 left reps

 

To EG and RG training microcycles were designed to simulate the competitive workloads with the relevant psychomotor fitness support, rehabilitation and improvement tools. Both groups were trained up to 2 hours 4 times a week using the even, interval, repetitive and competitive training formats. The training model testing experiment took 1 year. Given in Table 2 hereunder are the EG versus RG training systems.

Table 2. EG versus RG training systems

Training element

Time

RG

EG

Pre-training warm-up

30 min

Even aerobic skiing, general physical progress exercises, runs, gym practices

‘Psycho-emotional booster’ exercises followed by even skiing; ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ exercises followed by the core training part

Precompetitive warm-up

 

30 min

general physical progress exercises, relaxed skiing

‘Psycho-emotional booster’ exercises followed by even skiing

Given in Table 3 hereunder are the EG versus RG progress test rates.

Table 3. Pre- versus post-experimental psychomotor fitness test data of the sample

Test

Test stage

EG (n=20)

RG (n=20)

р

± σ

± σ

Response to visual signal, s

Pre-exp.

0,37±0,07

0,35±0,04

> 0,05

Post-exp.

0,22±0,09

0,37± 0,08

˂ 0,05

р

0,04

             0,8

Response time, s

Pre-exp.

0,461±0,075

0,459±0,085

> 0,05

Post-exp.

0,323±0,040

0,421±0,055

˂ 0,05

р

0,04

             0,4

Visual signal time, s

Pre-exp.

3,8±0,7

4,3±0,5

> 0,05

Post-exp.

2,4±0,5

4,4±0,3

˂ 0,05

р

0,03

              0,6

Auditory signal time, s

Pre-exp.

7,8±0,6

7,6±0,4

> 0,05

Post-exp.

3,8±0,7

6,4±0,6

˂ 0,05

р

0,01

              0,6

Tapping test, taps per min

Pre-exp.

52,3±7,5

48,5±8,7

> 0,05

Post-exp.

62,3±8,6

55,59±10,2

˂ 0,05

р

0,03

0,04

Flash frequency limit test, s

Pre-exp.

24,2±6,4

25,6±5,2

> 0,05

Post-exp.

18,3±4,2

26,6±4,6

˂ 0,05

р

0,02

0,5

Flash distinguishing frequency, s

Pre-exp.

32,5±5,3

30,6±4,8

> 0,05

Post-exp.

21,3±2,4

30,2±4,5

˂ 0,05

р

0,03

0,5
 
The above data analysis shows the EG making significant progress in every test versus the RG – that may be interpreted as indicative of the practical benefits of the new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system. We also classified the EG and RG into the high, moderate and low psychomotor fitness progress subgroups – as recommended by the "Sports Psychophysiologist" Computerized Test System developers [7]. The classification showed the EG making a good progress as its high psychomotor fitness subgroup had grown from 20% to 60% for the test period. The moderate and low-progress subgroups in the EG were tested to stand at 30% and drop from 50% to 10%, respectively.

The high psychomotor fitness subgroup in the RG was tested to stay unvaried at 25%, with the moderate and low progress subgroups in the RG tested to grow from 25% to 30% and fall from 50% to 45% for the test period, respectively. It should also be mentioned that the EG made a good competitive progress in the municipal/ regional competitions – versus no progress in the RG.

Conclusion. The new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system testing experiment was found beneficial for the 11-13 year old racing skiers’ trainings as verified by the significant progress of the EG versus RG in the psychomotor fitness test rates and competitive events for the test period. It gives us good ground to recommend the new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system for application in other sports for the stress tolerance, psychomotor fitness progress and competitive performance improvement purposes.  

References

  1. Balsevich V.K. Human Ontokinesiology. Moscow: Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury, 2000. 275 p.
  2. Bernstein N.A. Essays on movements physiology and activity physiology. Moscow: Meditsina publ., 1996, 166 p.
  3. Golovko D.E., Zagrevskaya A.I. Individual kinesiological resource mobilizing in training process. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury. 2019. No. 11. pp. 80-82.
  4. Zagrevskaya A.I. Anthropic educational technologies in physical education. Proc. IV national research-practical conference. Kozma Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. 2018. pp. 281-287.
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Corresponding author: golowkodenisewgenevich@inbox.ru

Abstract

Objective of the study was to rate and analyze benefits of a new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system to improve psychomotor fitness of the 11-13 year old cross-country racing skiers.

Methods and structure of the study. The study was run at Children and Youth Sport Schools (CYSS) #1 in Tomsk Oblast. We sampled for the study the 11-13 year old male racing skiers (n=40) and split them up into Experimental and Reference Groups (EG, RG) of 20 people each. We used the following research methods: analyses of the theoretical and practical literature on the subject; psychomotor fitness tests using a "Sports Psychophysiologist" Computerized Test System with the following tests: hand response to visual signal; response to auditory signal; hand tapping test; and the flashing frequency limit test; plus an educational experiment; and a standard mathematical data processing statistical toolkit.

Results of the study and conclusions. The new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system testing experiment was found beneficial for the 11-13 year old racing skiers’ trainings as verified by the significant progress of the EG versus RG in the psychomotor fitness test rates and competitive events for the test period. It gives us good ground to recommend the new ‘Psycho-emotional booster’ kinesiological module training system for application in other sports for the stress tolerance, psychomotor fitness progress and competitive performance improvement purposes.