Biomechanical characteristics of V1 skate technique of elite Nordic combined skiers

ˑ: 

PhD N.B. Novikova1
G.G. Zakharov1
Dr.Biol. A.V. Voronov2
1St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute for Physical Culture, St. Petersburg
2Federal Scientific Center for Physical Culture and Sports, Moscow

Objective of the study was to determine the characteristics of V1 skate technique of top-class Nordic combined skiers.
Methods and structure of the study. We analyzed the video recordings of ski techniques of 20 Nordic combined skiers, who had demonstrated the best results in the ski race by the Gundersen method at the world championship. We determined the speed of movement, stride length and frequency, angular and spatial characteristics of ski technique in the 10 km pursuit race, as well as the dynamics of indicators on the four distance laps.
Results of the study and conclusions. The study revealed the following characteristics of V1 skate technique of top-class Nordic combined skiers: the shin angle relative to the skiing run was less than 60°, which enabled to timely shift the body mass center forward when squatting; asymmetric double poling and free skating without poling enabling to maintain speed by means of a wide step rather than an accentuated repulsion with both legs; shoulder rotation when leaning on the poles towards the supporting leg, which reduced the repulsion efficiency but increased the economy of the ski technique; large-amplitude hand movement, which increased the economy of poling; relatively smooth covering of the distance while increasing the speed on the last lap due to a significant increase in the stride frequency; the result of the Nordic combined event was to a large extent determined by the speed on the ascending segment and the stride length on all the distance laps.

Keywords: Nordic combined, ski techniques, V1 skate technique, kinematic characteristics, top-class Nordic combined skiers.

References

  1. Zakharov G.G., Sivkova Yu.N., Sergeev G.A. Otsenka effektivnosti vzryvnoy sily u sportsmenov pryzhkakh na lyzhakh s tramplina i lyzhnom dvoebore [Rating explosive strength of ski jumpers and ski biathletes]. Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F.Lesgafta. 2018. No. 9 (163). pp. 110-116.
  2. Sergeev G.A, Zlyidnev A.A., Yakovleva A.A. Metodika razrabotki kompleksnykh tselevykh programm podgotovki regionalnykh sbornykh komand kvalifitsirovannykh sportsmenov na chetyrekhletniy tsikl podgotovki (na primere lyzhnikov-dvoebortsev RF) [Methodology for developing comprehensive targeted training programs for regional teams of qualified athletes for four-year training cycle (Case study of Russian skiing biathletes)]. Study guide. National State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Health named after P.F. Lesgaft. St. Peterburg: [s.n.], 2013. 132 p.
  3. Sandbakk Ø., RasdalV., BråtenS., MoenF., EttemaG.How do World-Class Nordic Combined Athletes Differ From Specialized CrossCountry Skiers and Ski Jumpers in Sport-Specific Capacity AndTrainingCharacteristics? / International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. – 2016. - №11. - Р. - 899-906.
  4. Seiler K., Kjerland G. Quantifying training intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes: is there evidence for an “optimal” distribution? / Scand J Med Sci Sports. – 2006. - №16(1) - Р. - 49–56.