Functional status of female biathletes during medical-psychological rehabilitation using biofeedback therapy

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M.O. Leonteva1
A.S. Shakhov1
Dr.Hab., Professor G.N. Ponomarev2
1University of the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly of the EurAsEC of the CIS, St. Petersburg
2Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg

Objective of the study was to determine the psychophysiological characteristics of female biathletes during rehabilitation after intensive biofeedback-based training aimed to improve the rehabilitation process.
Methods and structure of the study. Sampled for the study were the 19-24 year-old female biathletes (n=19) (Group 1) majoring in 5 disciplines: individual race, mass start, sprint race, relay race, and pursuit race. According to their medical history, they had increased fatigue, increased heart rate, subclinical anxiety or depression.
The Control Group was made of 12 female biathletes aged 18-29 years, who did not have any of the above-mentioned symptoms in the period between the training camps.
In addition to the standard means of rehabilitation in sports (regime, diet, psychotherapy, special physical exercises), we conducted a biofeedback therapy, which enabled to create effective programs for comprehensive health correction, relaxation, sleep improvement, and stress coping.
Results of the study and conclusions. The set of rehabilitative measures using biofeedback contributed to a significant reduction of the level of anxiety, normalization of vegetative regulation - according to the data obtained during the cycle ergometer test, normalization of physiological tension of the cardiovascular system.
The findings suggest that biofeedback-based trainings are beneficial for the medical-psychological rehabilitation of female biathletes. The study showed that the subjects' positive qualities began to dominate over the negative ones.

Keywords: rehabilitation in sports, subclinical anxiety or depression, neurotherapy.

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