Comparative analysis of biomechanical characteristics of back and chest throws by qualified male sambo wrestlers

ˑ: 

Postgraduate student B.A. Sviridov1
Dr.Hab., Professor G.I. Popov1
1Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Objective of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of biomechanical characteristics of the back and chest throw techniques to determine the most effective ones for male wrestlers.
Methods and structure of the study. The study involved 10 qualified male sambo wrestlers including 4 first-rank athletes, 3 candidate masters of sports and 3 masters of sports, who gave their written informed consent to participate. The subjects were to throw a 32.6 kg mannequin dressed in a sambo jacket over the chest: back throw carried out by gripping the sleeves and the lapel and chest throw carried out by gripping the sleeves and the belt under the shoulder of the mannequin. After the warm-up and trial attempts, the wrestlers were to execute three throws that were assessed. All throws were performed with individual maximum strength and speed. The biomechanical characteristics of both the mannequin and athlete were obtained with the help of the Qualisys optical motion capture system consisting of 8 high-speed Oqus 300+ infrared cameras. The cameras were synchronized with two AMTI dynamometric platforms. The video shooting frequency was set at 200 frames per second. The data obtained were processed using the "Qualisys Track Manager software.
Study results and conclusions. Based on the comparative analysis of the back and chest throw technique biomechanics, the back throw should be recognized as the most effective one. It is executed faster and can be evaluated higher by the judges. When throwing the opponent over the chest, the attacker falls. Consequently, the moment of gravitational force of the athlete’s body adds to that of the mannequin. But this does not give an advantage in terms of the throw execution speed.

Keywords: sambo wrestlers, back throw, chest throw, biomechanical characteristics.

References

  1. Sviridov B.A., Meshcheryakov A.V. Analiz kinematicheskikh kharakteristik dvizheniya manekena pri vypolnenii broskov cherez spinu i cherez bedro kvalifitsirovannymi bortsami-sambistami [Analysis of kinematic characteristics of mannequin's movement during back and thigh throws by qualified sambo wrestlers]. Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta. 2018. no; 6 (160). pp. 216-220.
  2. Sviridov B.A., Popov G.I., Tarkhanov I.V. Biomekhanicheskiy analiz struktury broskov cherez tulovishche u kvalifitsirovannykh bortsov-sambistov [Biomechanical analysis of structure of torso throws of skilled sambo wrestlers]. Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgafta. 2019. # 5 (171). pp. 277-281.
  3. Sviridov B.A., Popov G.I., Pastukhov I.S. Sravnitelny analiz biomekhanicheskikh kharakteristik tekhniki vypolneniya broska cherez grud u bortsov-sambistov raznoy kvalifikatsii [Comparative analysis of biomechanical characteristics of chest throw technique of sambo wrestlers of different qualifications]. Fizicheskaya kultura: vospitanie, obrazovanie, trenirovka. 2019. no. 6. pp. 14-16.
  4. Shalmanov A.A.; Kobleva Ya.K., Verzhbitskaya E.G. [ed.]. Metodologicheskie aspekty izucheniya dvigatelnykh deystviy i otsenki tehnicheskogo masterstva v sportivnoy biomekhanike [Methodological aspects of study of motor actions and technical skill rating in sports biomechanics]. Fizicheskaya kultura i obrazovanie, sport, biomehanika, bezopasnost zhiznedeyatelnosti [Physical education and education, sports, biomechanics, life safety]. Proc. international scientific conf. Part .I. Maikop: ASU publ., 2011. pp. 23-28.
  5. Shipilov A.A., Vagin A.Yu., Laptev A.I. Na puti k razrabotke metodiki operativnogo kontrolya broskovoy tehniki v sportivnoy borbe [On the way to developing methods for operational control of throwing technique in wrestling]. Biomekhanika dvigatelnykh deystviy i biomekhanicheskiy kontrol v sporte]. Proc. 3 nat. res.-pract. conf. with intern. part., November 19-20 2015. Moscow-Malakhovka, 2015. pp. 153-157.