Sports technique key elements in phase structure of connecting moves of acrobatic exercises performed on beam

ˑ: 

Dr.Hab., Professor Тоmasz Niznikowski2
Dr.Hab., Professor Аndrzej Маstalerz1
Dr.Hab., Professor Viktor Boloban3
Master Мikhal Biegajlo2
Master Marta Nogal2
1Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland
2Department of Physical Education and Sport in Biala Podlaska, Poland
3National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kiev

Objective of the paper was to study the kinematic structure of the key element indices of sports technique connecting move of acrobatic exercises round-off – salto backward tucked performed on a beam; to single out sports technique key elements in the phase structure of exercise connecting move. The study involved skilled and highly skilled female gymnasts (n = 16). Sports technique key elements in the phases of the connecting move of acrobatic exercises round-off – salto backward tucked performed on a beam were determined along with their indices: body launching posture (LP) during the round-off finishing – close to vertical stable body posture with narrow stand and legs apart, on tiptoe on support, with arms fore-upward, for efficient upward-backward flying up; phase of the main motor actions – multiplication of body postures (MP) “tucked” – active successive alternating instant fixed salto phases for creation of an integral motor action; during the phase of the final motor actions – concluding body posture (CP) – landing to stop. Sports technique key elements as the signal postures of motor actions combine the indices of phase structure of the connecting move of acrobatic exercises round-off – salto backward tucked, executed on a beam, through the interaction of previous and subsequent body postures and their multiplications. They are amenable to development and improvement. Performance of exercises without unnecessary motor rearrangements is achieved, thus avoiding the accumulation of technical faults in the process of demonstrating competitive exercises.

Keywords: female athletes, beam, round-off, salto backward, kinematic structure, sports technique, exercise phases, key elements.

References

  1. Boloban V.N. Regulyatsiya pozyi tela sportsmena [Regulation of athlete's body posture]. Kiev: NUPESU, Olimp. lit., 2013, 232 p.
  2. Gaverdovskiy Yu.K. Teoriya i metodika sportivnoy gimnastiki [Theory and methods of gymnastics], Textbook in 2 volumes, Volume 2, Moscow: Sovetskiy sportpubl., 2014, pp. 305-323.
  3. Sadowski J., Boloban V., Niżnikowski T., Wiśniowski W., Bigailo M. Poznyie orientiryi dvizheniy kak metod analiza i otsenki pokazateley kinematicheskoy struktury uzlovykh elementov sportivnoy tehniki bazovoy svyazki uprazhneniy «perevorot vpered – salto vpered v gruppirovke» [Motion pose cues as method of analysis and estimation of indices of kinematic structure of nodal elements of sports technique of basic series of exercises “handspring pike open front somersault”]. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury, 2012, no. 7, pp. 98-102.
  4. Smolevskiy V.M., Gaverdovskiy Yu.K. Sportivnaya gimnastika [Sports gymnastics]. Kiev: Olimpiyskaya literatura publ., 1999, 466 p.
  5. Boloban V., Sadowski J., Niżnikowski T., Wiśniowski W. Didactic technology in mastering complex motor tasks. Coordination motor abilities in scientific research. BiałaPodlaska: Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, 2010. Vol.33. P.112 - 129
  6. King M.A., Yeadon M.R. Coping with perturbations to a layout somersault in tumbling. Journal of Biomechanics, 2003, 36(7):921-7
  7. Niźnikowski T. Nauczanie ćwiczeń o złożonej strukturze ruchu przy oddziaływaniu na węzłowe elementy techniki sportowej, Biała Podlaska: ZWWF, 2009,148 p.
  8. Sadowski J., Mastalerz A., Niźnikowski T. Benefits of bandwidth feedback in learning a complex gymnastic skill. Journal of human kinetics, 2013, 37.1: 183-193